Industry 4.0 concept has been successfully applied in current literature to analyse Technologies Innovations in production as Cyber-Physical Systems, sensors, Big Data technologies, Cognitive Computing or the Internet of Things. As the authors of the monograph suppose, sociological optics needs to be applied in order to analyse the interrelation between the technical and the social dimension of successful and sustainable acceptance of Innovation 4.0. In the context of Information society theories, human capital can be followed as one of key indicators of the sustainable development of Industry 4.0, offering specific indicators to measure the level of Industry 4.0 innovations acceptance. Key trends of Work 4.0 development were analysed in the field of the labour market polarization towards human–intensive work tasks and computer–intensive work tasks and the substitution of human workers by machines due to different content of automated work activities.